Get the Virtual Appliance
The easiest way to get the REMnux distro is to download the REMnux virtual appliance in the OVA format, import it into your hypervisor, then run the upgrade command to make sure it's up-to-date.
REMnux is based on an x86/amd64 version of Ubuntu, and won't run on an ARM processor such as Apple M1 or M2.
The REMnux virtual appliance approximately 5 GB. It comes as an industry-standard OVA file, which you can import into your virtualization software. It's based on Ubuntu 20.04 (Focal).
Decide which OVA file to download. Unless you're using Oracle VM VirtualBox, get the general OVA file. If you're using VirtualBox, get the VirtualBox version. Download your preferred OVA file:
General OVA
VirtualBox OVA
This general OVA file works with most hypervisors. If you're using VirtualBox, get the VirtualBox version instead from the other tab:
This VirtualBox OVA file is specifically for VirtualBox. Get the general version from the other tab if you're using other hypervisors:
Some browsers (e.g., Brave) change the extension of the OVA file after downloading it, possibly giving it the incorrect .ovf extension. If that happens, rename the file so it has the .ova extension before proceeding.
Validate the SHA-256 hash of the downloaded file using a tool such as
sha256sum or shasum to make sure it matches this expected value:General OVA Hash
VirtualBox OVA Hash
The general OVA file:
76a12cc8ccf482e83f84b42ebfd9019ae47cf27915d0c2d686a9a407f8ee51ab
The VirtualBox OVA file:
412689aabf7d203c3fb46d141704671a1dbf858b13b404f0bbd0096f6d6bd7b9
If possible, upgrade your virtualization software to the latest version. Then, use it to import the downloaded OVA file. If you're not sure how to do that, follow the instructions below:
Direct Import
Conversion
When importing the REMnux virtual appliance, allocate resources such as RAM and disk space based on what you have available. REMnux is a relatively lightweight distro, but the more you allocate to it, the faster it will run. As a point of reference, most people find 4 GB RAM and 60 GB disk sufficient.
Once you start your REMnux virtual machine, it will automatically log you into the REMnux environment.
There is no logon screen for accessing the REMnux environment, because analysts generally use REMnux on a system to which physical access is already restricted. When you need to elevate your privileges or access the REMnux virtual appliance remotely, note the follow default credentials:
Username:
remnux
Password: malwareDepending on which hypervisor or environment you're using, you might need to take the following steps:
If running VirtualBox on Windows 10, be sure to disable Hyper-V using the command
bcdedit /set hypervisorlaunchtype off. Do this even if Hyper-V appears disabled in the Windows Features listing. If you don't, you are likely to run into problems downloading files and updating REMnux.If your REMnux window is too small when you boot it up the system in VirtualBox, activate the Scaling Mode for the VM via the VirtualBox menu View > Scaling Mode.
If your REMnux virtual machine is unable to communicate over the network, check whether has a network interface other than the loopback ("lo") by running the
ifconfig command. If a non-loopback interface is missing, perform the following steps to add it:- 1.Run the
networkctlcommand to determine the name of the adapter ("link") of type "ether". It might be named something like "enp0s17". - 2.Set up the network interface by replacing YOUR_NIC in the following command with the name you've identified in the previous step (e.g., "enp0s17)":
sudo ip link set up YOUR_NIC - 3.Edit the /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml file (e.g., use the
codecommand). Under "ethernets:" replace the name there (e.g, "ens33") with the name of your network card (e.g., "enp0s17"). - 4.Reboot your REMnux virtual machine.
VMware sometimes conflicts with the Ubuntu graphical environment, which by default uses Wayland display protocol. The problems manifest themselves through the VM being unresponsive to keyboard and mouse; clipboard sharing and copy-and-paste VMware features might not be working, too.
If you encounter this issue, try configring your REMnux virtual machine to switch from Wayland to Xorg. The change should be unnoticeable to your user experience, but it might address the VMware issue. To make the switch, switch to the root user account (
sudo -s) and edit the file /etc/gdm3/custom.conf. Uncomment this line:#WaylandEnable=false
So it says:
WaylandEnable=false
Then reboot your virtual machine (
reboot).It's possible to import the pre-built REMnux virtual appliance into Hyper-V, but you'll need to take a few conversion steps. You'll need to extract the contents of the REMnux OVA file to obtain the enclosed VMDK file that captures the virtual disk of the distro, then convert it to the VHD format supported by Hyper-V:
- 1.
- 2.Extract the downloaded OVA file using a tool such as "tar". One of the extracted files will have the .vmdk.gz name, such as remnux-v7-focal-disk1.vmdk.gz.
- 3.Decompress the extracted .vmdk.gz file using a tool such as "gunzip" to generate a file with the .vmdk extension.
- 4.Use qemu-img (
qemu-img convert -O vhd) or StarWind V2V Converter to convert the .vmdk file to the VHD format supported by Hyper-V. - 5.Import the generated VHD file into Hyper-V.
For an overview of this process, see the video How To Install REMnux on Windows 10 Hyper-V by Cyrus.
The REMnux virtual appliance ships in "dedicated" installation mode, which automatically turns off the SSH daemon. This configuration is generally desirable when running REMnux in a local lab. If you're deploying the virtual appliance in a cloud environment, you might need to keep SSH enabled to remotely access your REMnux system. In that case:
- 1.Edit the /etc/remnux-config and change the mode from
dedicatedtocloud. - 2.Enable the SSH daemon by running:
sudo systemctl enable ssh. - 3.Change the default user's password and otherwise strengthen the SSH authentication method according to your requirements and risk tolerance.
- 4.Reboot your REMnux system.
If you converted the REMnux virtual appliance to KVM/QEMU, install install the "spice-vdagent" package in the virtual machine to be able to resize the windows of your VM and copy/paste between it and your host.
If you're planning to use the REMnux virtual appliance in Proxmox, follow the steps in this article to import the OVA. Once done, consider taking the following steps using the Proxmox interface:
- 1.VM > Hardware > Display > Set to -> SPICE(qxl)
- 2.VM > Hardware > Option > Spice Enhancements > Video Streaming: all
After installing the REMnux virtual machine, run the following command inside the VM as a regular, non-root user to upgrade it to the latest version of the distro:
remnux upgrade
For more details about keeping your REMnux environment current, so you benefit from the latest enhancements, see the Keeping REMnux Up to Date section.
Consider taking a snapshot of your REMnux virtual machine, so you can return it to a known good state if the need arises.